• Excessive extracellular glutamate may induce excitotoxic neu

  2021-09-28

  

  Excessive extracellular glutamate may induce excitotoxic neuronal damage in disorders of the CNS (Schwartz et al., 2003). EAATs are considered to contribute to prevention of excitotoxicity by glutamate uptake. Our data revealed that expression levels of membrane EAAT proteins in astrocytes are much

• To assess whether this coupling mechanisms

  2021-09-28

  

  To assess whether this coupling mechanisms might operate also in a native system of untransfected cells, we select a cell line SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma that is known to express both the dopamine transporter and the M-currents (Jiang et al., 2004; Wickenden et al., 2008). These experiments were performe

• In this study we investigated the contribution of GCK G

  2021-09-28

  

  In this study, we investigated the contribution of GCK, G6PC, and PCK expression to glycemia in diabetes. We examined liver tissue from 40 obese subjects: 12 had normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 28 had type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods Results Discussion This study aimed to investig

• br Results br Discussion ER and GR play opposite

  2021-09-28

  

  Results Discussion ER and GR play opposite phenotypic roles in the normal endometrium, with ER promoting growth and GR inhibiting growth. Here, we show that in endometrial cancer, GR expression is associated with worse outcomes and higher-grade tumors, and this association is observed only in

• Similar to C lividipennis RDL Jiang et al we found

  2021-09-27

  

  Similar to C. lividipennis RDL (Jiang et al., 2015), we found that the intracellular loop variants of A. mellifera RDL had no effect on GABA EC50 (Table 1). Also, as with C. lividipennis, there was no significant difference in maximal GABA responses (Table 1). However, whereas the 31 amino acid inse

• In a follow up study the same research

  2021-09-27

  

  In a follow up study, the same research group further characterized FFA4 involvement in DU145 and PC-3 cancer cell lines by demonstrating that the anti-proliferative and anti-migration activities of FFA4 require the presence of LPA1 receptor (LPA1R), suggesting a mechanism consistent with negative c

• BDNF is intricately implicated in energy homeostasis Hamdouc

  2021-09-27

  

  BDNF is intricately implicated in energy homeostasis (Hamdouchi et al., 2016; Schwartz and Mobbs, 2012), regulation of mood (Sartorius et al., 2015) and adult neurogenesis (Taliaz et al., 2010; Waterhouse et al., 2012), our primary focus was to evaluate the effects of GPR40 stimulation on BDNF expre

• Liposomes that are less than nm in diameter are

  2021-09-27

  

  Liposomes that are less than 200nm in diameter are necessary to optimize uptake of liposomes by Z-VDVAD-FMK (Oesterling et al., 2014). The liposomes constructed in these experiments were found to be sufficiently small in diameter for use in in vivo and in vitro experiments. Even smaller diameters a

• br Retrieval requires histamine H receptors

  2021-09-27

  

  Retrieval requires histamine H1 receptors in dorsal hippocampus Retrieval is a dynamic process that requires neurotransmitter regulation (Barros et al., 2000, Barros et al., 2001). Recently, histamine, and histaminergic transmission has entered the list of putative neurotransmitter modulators of

• Glycine released from astrocytes as well as neurons

  2021-09-27

  

  Glycine released from astrocytes as well as neurons is also known as a co-agonist of NMDAR (Roux and Supplisson, 2000). Neuronal glycine in mouse hippocampus might be released from glutamatergic terminals (Muller et al., 2013) that express functional 1530 receptors (Rodriguez et al., 1997). Glycine

• The measured ROcc values and mg kg respectively were lower

  2021-09-27

  

  The measured ROcc50 values (4.8 and 42 mg/kg, respectively) were lower than those estimated from the mouse free RWJ 56110 concentrations (0.4 and 9.3 mg/kg for the sigma-1 and histamine H3 receptor, respectively) or rat CSF levels (0.65 and 4.5 mg/kg, respectively). This discrepancy is almost certa

• br Acknowledgement The authors are grateful

  2021-09-27

  

  Acknowledgement The authors are grateful for financial support provided from specific university research (MSMT No 21-SVV/2018). Introduction Several recent studies have demonstrated that planaria, flatworms notable for their regenerative capabilities, can develop conditioned place preference

• Newly identified evidence has put immune checkpoint inhibito

  2021-09-27

  

  Newly identified evidence has put immune checkpoint inhibitors into the spotlight. However, even though they have been reported to achieve optimistic outcomes [67], there is still a provocative question about their limitations [68]. The solid evidence above has provided us with translational values

• There are several limitations in our study First

  2021-09-27

  

  There are several limitations in our study. First, only the naturally occurring resistance-associated mutations in patients coinfected with HIV/HCV caspofungin 1b were analyzed. The result was only applicable to HCV genotype 1b, but not the HCV genotype 1a patients. We did not analyze the effect of

• Table shows the distribution of all studied groups regarding

  2021-09-27

  

  Table 3 shows the distribution of all studied groups regarding mutation of GSTP1 gene polymorphism in each group. From 15 COPD smoker patients in group (A), 12 (80%) had heterozygous mutation, from 15 COPD non-smoker patients in group (B), 5 (33.3%) had heterozygous mutation, from 10 control subject

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