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Other reports however have indicated that all components of
2023-05-22
Other reports, however, have indicated that all components of RAS are produced within the central nervous system (CNS) (Saavedra, 2005). Thus, AGTR1 and AGTR2 in circumventricular organs and in cerebrovascular endothelial cells may respond to circulating ANG2 of peripheral origin, whereas neural rec
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Despite extensive studies on the expression
2023-05-17
Despite extensive studies on the expression of T. pallidum-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines, very little is known about T. pallidum-mediated intracellular signaling pathway activation, that leads to cytokine expression in macrophages. A network of signaling molecules, transcription factors, epigen
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br Conflict of interest br Introduction The Piezo proteins P
2023-05-17
Conflict of interest Introduction The Piezo proteins, Piezo1/FAM38A and Piezo2/FAM38B, are multi-pass transmembrane proteins that have been identified as mechanically-activated (MA) homomultimeric, pore-forming ion channels [1,2]. Piezo1 is broadly expressed with its highest expression in blad
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br Expression of ADK in the normal brain In adult
2023-05-17
Expression of ADK in the normal brain In adult brain, ADK is primarily expressed in astrocytes. Immunocytochemical analysis of adult rat and mouse Clonidine HCl australia revealed predominant astrocytic expression throughout the hippocampus and cortex. Two isoforms of ADK have been identified in
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NSAIDs induce gastrointestinal toxicity and evoke
2023-05-17
NSAIDs induce gastrointestinal toxicity and evoke EMD638683 by decreasing the production of gastroprotective prostanoids and by redirecting the COX substrate AA into LT biosynthesis, thereby causing vasoconstriction in gastric mucosa and airways (Celotti and Laufer, 2001; Koeberle and Werz, 2015; R
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br Phosphorylation of P c Initial studies
2023-05-17
Phosphorylation of P450c17 – Initial studies In addition to the molar ratio of POR to P450c17 and the allosteric action of cytochrome b5, a third factor that governs 17,20 lyase activity is the serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) phosphorylation of P450c17 itself. In a search for post-translational factor
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Drug resistance development often involves
2023-05-17
Drug resistance development often involves structurally un-related drugs and, specifically both conventional and targeted agents. IGROV-1/Pt1 78416 are characterized by resistance to cisplatin and reduced sensitivity to inhibitors of EGF-R and MEK, the up-stream activator of ERK1/2, associated with
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The skin permeability barrier is important for
2023-05-17
The skin permeability barrier is important for the prevention of loss of water and electrolytes from inside the body and for protection against the invasion of external pathogens, allergens, and harmful compounds. Multi-layered lipids, called lipid lamellae, are present in the outermost cell layer o
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br Activity and expression of aromatase
2023-05-17
Activity and expression of aromatase in the hippocampus The brain, like the adrenals, gonads and the placenta, is a steroidogenic organ. This paradigm emerged from studies carried out as early as the 1980s by Baulieu and co-workers; these studies showed that steroids such as pregnenolone and dehy
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fccp There are several AP binding sites in the
2023-05-17
There are several AP-1 fccp in the sequence of TIMP-1 promoter [18,19]. EBV could up-regulate TIMP-1 expression by binding to the AP-1 site in the TIMP-1 promoter [18]. IL-32, a newly multi-function cytokine, could activate AP-1, NF-κβ, p38MAPK signal pathways, and induce cytokine expressions, such
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It remains unclear to what extent UCP and UCP are
2023-05-17
It remains unclear to what extent UCP2 and UCP3 are subject to the same acute molecular regulation as UCP1 (and the extent to which they share the same mechanism of uncoupling). Although they lack sequence homology in a matrix-localised region reportedly critical for fatty SZL P1-41 receptor activa
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br Future view and implications
2023-05-17
Future view and implications The selection and spread of multi(drug)-resistant microorganisms over the last decades has become a major and global public health concern [35]. Two growing threats originating from the fungal kingdom, i.e. Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida auris[36], [37], re-emphasi
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On the other hand oxygen
2023-05-17
On the other hand, oxygen concentration in tumor tissue also depends on its consumption rate by tumor cells, which decrease will also lead to alleviation of hypoxia. This fact is not taken into account in the majority of studies on the topic, although it is well-known that antiangiogenic therapy doe
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Kidney contributes importantly to the long term blood
2023-05-17
Kidney contributes importantly to the long-term blood pressure control via regulating sodium homeostasis. Renal proximal tubule (RPT) is one of the most critical segments for sodium reabsorption within kidney and therefore involved in blood pressure adjustment. This process is regulated by numerous
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In human epidermoid carcinoma A cells lipoxygenase was
2023-05-17
In human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells, 12-lipoxygenase was significantly increased in glutathione-depleted cells. The relative abundance of phospholipid hydroperoxide versus glutathione peroxidase seems to play an important role in controlling the lipoxygenase reaction [57]. It has been proposed
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